8 settembre 1943

ITALIA – In quella data viene firmato l’armistizio di Cassibile tra l’Italia e gli Alleati. Un evento storico che ha fatto da spartiacque nel ruolo dell’Italia nell’ambito della Seconda guerra mondiale.

L’8 settembre 1943 è una delle date più significative della storia contemporanea dell’Italia. In quel giorno, considerato cruciale per l’esito della Seconda guerra mondiale, è stata annunciata via radio la firma dell’armistizio, avvenuta il 3 settembre, tra il paese e gli Alleati. L’atto, chiamato armistizio di Cassibile, dal nome della cittadina siciliana in provincia di Siracusa dove è stato siglato, viene definito anche armistizio breve o corto. Nel giorno dell’8 di settembre 2023 cade l’80esimo anniversario da questo avvenimento. L’accordo, in vigore dopo l’annuncio, prevede la resa incondizionata dell’Italia nei confronti delle forze alleate durante la seconda guerra mondiale ed è stato siglato dal generale Giuseppe Castellano, a nome del generale Pietro Badoglio, e dal generale Walter Bedell Smith, a nome del generale Dwight D. Eisenhower. Bedell Smith è poi diventato direttore della Cia tra il 1950 e il 1953.

L’annuncio di Badoglio

Cinque giorni dopo la firma, il generale Pietro Badoglio, a capo del governo dal 25 luglio 1943, data in cui è avvenuto l’arresto di Benito Mussolini e in cui convenzionalmente è fissata la caduta del fascismo, annuncia via radio la firma dell’armistizio con gli Alleati e la resa dell’Italia. La proclamazione avviene anche un’ora prima su radio Algeri da parte degli Alleati. Il governo italiano, riconosciuta la impossibilità di continuare la impari lotta contro la soverchiante potenza avversaria, nell’intento di risparmiare ulteriori e più gravi sciagure alla Nazione, ha chiesto un armistizio al generale Eisenhower, comandante in capo delle forze alleate anglo-americane. La richiesta è stata accolta. Conseguentemente, ogni atto di ostilità contro le forze anglo-americane deve cessare da parte delle forze italiane in ogni luogo. Esse però reagiranno ad eventuali attacchi da qualsiasi altra provenienza”. Sono queste le parole con cui Badoglio annuncia la fine dell’alleanza con la Germania nazista ai microfoni dell’Eiar, intorno alle 19.45 dell’8 settembre 1943.

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